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What Is Vacuum Hazard?
Today we will talk about a very important topic known as Vacuum Hazards. Different types of static vessels or equipment are used in different types of process industries, petrochemical, oil and gas, refinery, etc. Different types of static vessels or types of equipment may have to be handed over for processing plant needs or for repair work or as part of plant shutdown and start-up. For any type of maintenance work, static vessels or equipment have to be handed over or made suitable for work. As part of the maintenance work, the static vessels or equipment have to be submitted to the maintenance personnel. In that case, if proper rules are not followed then vacuum pressure is created inside a static vessel or equipment. Then in that case a big danger or accident can happen. We can consider such hazards as vacuum hazards.
The Vacuum Hazard can be explained in this way with a small example. For example, it is not possible to squeeze a hand full of Coca-Cola fillings, but it is very easy to squeeze by hand an empty Coca-Cola cane.
Now let's talk about how we can protect the process industries, petrochemical, oil, and gas, and refinery, from such as vacuum hazards. Many types of heat recovery boilers or waste heat boilers are used in the industry. All of the heat recovery boilers or waste heat boilers may need to be emptied for maintenance or after the shutdown work.
How To Prevent A Vacuum Hazard?
Let's study how to empty large Heat Recovery Boilers, Waste Heat Boilers, or Static Vessels, and the prevention of a vacuum hazards in process industries, petrochemical, oil and gas, refinery, etc.
It must be noted that in order to evacuate any vessel, its vent line must be opened.
The liquid level in the vessel cannot be emptied too fast.
The temperature of the liquid in the vessel cannot be reduced too quickly.
It should be noted that if the pressure of any vessel increases, it can be reduced by PSV or A Safety Valve. But if the internal pressure of the vessel is negative, it can be equalized only by the insulation valve of the in-out or vent line, or drain line.
The vent line and drain line of the vessel should be checked from time to time.
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