H2 production.

 ## H2 production.

✅ 95% of H2 produced in the United States is made by NG reforming in large central plants   This is an important technology pathway for near-term H2 production.

✅Steam methane reforming SMR is the most common and economical way to make hydrogen.There are 2 reactions: 1- the reforming reaction & 2- the water gas shift reaction.

 ✅ Production process in which high-temperature steam (700°C–1,000°C) is used to produce H2 from a methane source, such as NG.

 ✅ In SMR , methane reacts with steam under 3–25 bar pressure in the presence of a catalyst to produce H2, CO, and a relatively small amount of CO2

 ✅ Steam reforming is endothermic so heat must be supplied to the process for the reaction to proceed this done via heater

✅ The furnace is where the process of liberating hydrogen from natural gas and steam begins. The gas-and-steam mixture travels down into reformer tubes that hang in vertical rows surrounded by gas burners that heat the mixture. The reformer tubes are full of nickel catalyst, which triggers a reaction, causing the methane in natural gas to react with water vapor to form H2 , CO, and CO2

✅ SMR Main Reactions Equations :-

1-     Steam-methane reforming reaction CH4 + H2O (+ heat) → CO + 3H2

2-      2- Water-gas shift reaction CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 (+ small amount of heat)