Tech Process.

General Checklist the Essential Steps and precautions for Pre-start and Starting up the Centrifugal Pumps . # What’s the things you Should be attention physically? # General centrifugal pump start up procedure:- Before pump start-up you must perform these tasks:- *01.  Open the suction valve , do priming by venting all the air inside the suction line by opening any vent or even the PG vent till liquid coming out then close , now you confirm no air inside the system to reduce the chances of pump getting cavitation *02.   Open any re-circulation  or cooling lines. *03.   Fully close or partially open the discharge valve, depending on system conditions. *04.   Start the driver. *05.   Slowly open the discharge valve until the pump reaches the desired flow. *06.   Check the pressure gauge to ensure that the pump quickly reaches the correct discharge pressure. *07.   If the pump fail to reach the correct pre...

## There’re 4 Liquefaction Process Technologies for LNG Production:- #01.  C3MR APCI (Air Products) Process.   #02.  Cascade (ConocoPhillips) Process: * 1- The raw gas is first treated to remove (CO2), (H2S) and other sulfur compounds, (H2O), organometallic mercury compounds, particulates, and other contaminates before it is routed to the liquefaction section of the plant. *2- The treated gas is then chilled and condensed to approximately -162°C in successively colder heat exchanges , using pure propane (or propylene), ethylene, and methane as refrigerants. *3- The refrigerant circuits are designed with 2 drivers/compressors for each refrigerant which provides a wide range of turn down  capacity and a high degree of availability. For the propane cycle core-in-kettle type exchanges  are used. Brazed aluminium plate-fin exchanges  (cold boxes) are applied mainly in the ethylene and methane cycles. All the cooling, with except...

## Hydrostatic test an Construction Activity in which pressure vessels such as pipelines, Process Piping , gas cylinders, boilers , Fire Extinguishers,  Can be tested for strength and leaks.  # Filling the vessel or pipe system with a liquid, usually water, which may be dyed to aid in visual leak detection. It’s performed to expose defective materials that have missed prior detection, ensure that any remaining defects are insignificant enough to allow operation at design pressures, expose possible leaks and serve as a final validation of the integrity of the constructed system. ASME B31.3 requires this testing to ensure tightness and strength.  # Buried HP O&G pipelines are tested for strength by pressurising them to at least 125% of their maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) at any point along their length.  # It’s a type of pressure test that works by completely filling the component with water, removing the air contained within the unit, ...

Boiler Feed Water Treatment Deaeration Process: ## The process through which the dissolved gases are removed from water is called "Deaeration". The equipment, which is used in this method, is called "Deaerator". Why do we use deaerators?... T he Deaerator (DA) tank uses steam to preheat boiler feedwater to a temp. at which dissolved O2 & CO2 will become separated from the feedwater before it is pumped to the boiler. The purpose is to protect the boiler and steam/condensate piping from corrosion that would be present when the water evaporates into steam.additional benefit is that the amount of chemicals used to treat the boiler water can be reduced.  # Dissolved CO2 combines with water to form carbonic acid that causes further corrosion.  # Working Principle of Deaerators :- 1️⃣ by Henry’s Law- Accordind to William Henry state that gas solubility in a solution decreases as the gas partial pressure above the solution decreases. In simple ...