Principle Of Industrial Catalyst And Classification Of Catalyst. Principle Of Industrial Catalyst : An industrial catalyst is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without undergoing any significant change in its own chemical composition. Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the reaction rate. They provide an alternative pathway for the reaction to take place, which requires less energy and allows the reaction to proceed at milder conditions such as lower temperatures and pressures. Industrial catalysts are used in a wide range of chemical processes, including petrochemicals, refining, polymerization, and environmental applications. Classification Of Industrial Catalyst : Industrial catalysts can be classified into four main groups: 01. Homogeneous catalysts. Homogeneous catalysts are soluble in the reaction medium and are used mainly in the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. 02. Heteroge...
Why we need to close the(discharge) isolation valve of a centrifugal pump during startup ⁉ ️ # Answer(1) ✳ ️ It is general practice to close the delivery valve of the centrifugal pump during start-up and it is highly recommended for the critical services where the liquid is at boiling/bubble point (Ex. Reflux pump of distillation column). The procedure is to close the valve and start the pump. After this open discharge valve slowly till 100% this stabilizes the complete system. If this procedure is not followed and the valve is kept 100% open and the pump is started, NPSHa for this will be minimum because of losses due to acceleration during startup. This will result in cavitation of the pump. # ️ Answer(2) 1️⃣ To minimize the starting torque on the motor. 2️⃣ To load the delivery pipe network gradually if it is the only pump that feeds the network. 3️⃣ If it is a parallel-connected pump, this method will insure against any reverse ...