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Industrial Catalyst And Classification.

Principle Of Industrial Catalyst And Classification Of Catalyst.   Principle Of Industrial Catalyst : An industrial catalyst is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without undergoing any significant change in its own chemical composition. Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the reaction rate. They provide an alternative pathway for the reaction to take place, which requires less energy and allows the reaction to proceed at milder conditions such as lower temperatures and pressures. Industrial catalysts are used in a wide range of chemical processes, including petrochemicals, refining, polymerization, and environmental applications. Classification Of Industrial Catalyst : Industrial catalysts can be classified into four main groups: 01. Homogeneous catalysts. Homogeneous catalysts are soluble in the reaction medium and are used mainly in the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. 02. Heteroge...
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What is Fire Point, Smoke Point, Freezing Point, Dew Point, Flash Point, Pour Point, Boiling Point, Bubble Point?

# Fire Point :-  The lowest temperature at which the vapor of that fuel will continue to burn for at least 5 seconds after ignition by an open flame. #Smoke Point:-   The temperature at which, under specific and defined conditions, an oil begins to produce a continuous bluish smoke that becomes clearly visible. #Freezing Point:-  The temperature at which water changes phase from a liquid to a solid. # Dew Point:-   T he temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor. # Flash Point:-  T he lowest temperature at which enough fluid can  evaporate to form a combustible concentration of gas. #Pour Point:- The lowest temperature at which the oil will pour or flow when it is cooled without stirring. #Boiling Point:-   The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere on the liquid. #Bubble Point:-   The temperature wh...
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What is Critical Point,Surge point,Yield point,Aniline point,Triple Point,Melting Point,Auto ignition Point?

#Critical Point:-   A point on a phase the diagram at which both the liquid and gas phases of a substance have the same density, and are therefore indistinguishable. # Surge point:-   ( For Rotating Equipments) , the peak point at the Performance Curve of the Centrifugal Compressors where the flow reversed back through compressors blades.  # Yield point:-   In mechanical engineering, the load at which a solid material that is being stretched begins to flow, or change shape permanently. # Aniline point:-  The lowest temperature at which aniline and a solvent (as gasoline) are completely miscible and which serves as an indication of the type of hydrocarbons present in the solvent, the content of aromatics being higher according to as the temperature is lower. # Triple Point:-   The temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibri...
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Types Of Control Valve.

#Control valve has 3 basic Components: 01. Actuator Most actuators are pneumatic. Usually, an actuator works with the help of a diaphragm and instrument air. This is the device that positions the throttling element (i.e., the valve plug inside the valve body). 02. Valve body subassembly This is the part where the valve plug, valve seats, and valve casing are located. 03. Accessories These include positioners, I/P (current- to-pressure) transducers, and position sensors.  #2 types of control valves are based on their motion:- 01. Linear-Motion valves as- A- Gate Valves.                                                  B- Diaphragm Valves.                                                  C- Globe Valves. 02. Rot...
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Bearing And Different Types Of Bearing.

Let's know about what is  bearing , which knowledge can make it easy to operate at chemical, petrochemicals or any other processing plant. A bearing is a mechanical element which allows motion between two rotating parts, with minimum friction. An example of such rotating parts is a shaft and its housing.  The function of bearing A good bearing is expected to do the following functions.  =It should ensure free rotation with minimum friction.  =It should support rotating parts and maintain them in the correct position. =Bearing should transmit the forces acting on rotating parts to the frame of the machine. Different types of bearing: *Deep Groove ball bearing. Deep Groove ball bearing Deep Groove ball bearing *Angular contact ball bearing. Angular contact ball bearing *Self-aligning ball bearing. *Cylindrical roller bearing. *Tapper roller bearing. *Spherical roller bearing. *Cylindrical plain bearing. *Split type plain ...
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What Means Process, Process Symbol, Process Diagram?

Let's know about what is Process, Process Symbol, Process Diagram, which can make it easy to operate at chemical, petrochemicals or any other processing plant. #what means process? =When an output product is found through a single or multi-stage material or mixer's physical or chemical change, it is called a process. #What is Process Symbol? =Process symbol Maybe defined as the graphical alphabetical or mathematical representation of the different types of pipeline, valves or fittings, equipment, instrument, etc of the Process Industries. #what is process diagram? =All the instrumentation or fittings or parts of a process can be expressed through a diagram, that's called a process diagram. Different types of process diagram: 01.Block diagram. A block the diagram is a diagram that's the easiest way to represent a process. Features of the block diagram: =A single piece of equipment is meant for a block. = Blocks should be of equal size...
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General Checklist List for Pre-start and Starting up the Centrifugal Pumps.

General Checklist the Essential Steps and precautions for Pre-start and Starting up the Centrifugal Pumps . # What’s the things you Should be attention physically? # General centrifugal pump start up procedure:- Before pump start-up you must perform these tasks:- *01.  Open the suction valve , do priming by venting all the air inside the suction line by opening any vent or even the PG vent till liquid coming out then close , now you confirm no air inside the system to reduce the chances of pump getting cavitation *02.   Open any re-circulation  or cooling lines. *03.   Fully close or partially open the discharge valve, depending on system conditions. *04.   Start the driver. *05.   Slowly open the discharge valve until the pump reaches the desired flow. *06.   Check the pressure gauge to ensure that the pump quickly reaches the correct discharge pressure. *07.   If the pump fail to reach the correct pre...
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Different Types of valves

Different Types of valves Different Types of valves uses in different sectors. 1.  Globe valve:- 2.  Gate valve:- 3.  Ball valve:- 4.  Butterfly valve:- 5.  Diaphragm valve:- 6.  Plug valve:- 7.  Needle valve:- 8.  Angle valve:- 9.  Pinch valve:- 10.  Slide valve:- 11.  Flush bottom valve:-   12.  Solenoid valve:- 13.  Control Valve:- 14.  Flow regulating valve:- 15.  Back pressure regulating valve:- 16.  Y-type valve:- 17.  Piston valve:- 18.  Pressure regulating valve:- 19.  Check valve:- PLEASE READ MORE..... Industrial Catalyst And Classification. Electrical Hazards And Precautions. Renewable, Sustainable, Clean, or Green Energy. What Is Renewable Energy Or Renewable Resources, Or Clean Energy? Standard Operating Procedure (SOPs) Of The Steam Turbine. What Is Vacuum Hazard? Power Plant And Types Of Power Plants...
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What is Fire Point, Smoke Point, Freezing Point, Dew Point, Flash Point, Pour Point, Boiling Point, Bubble Point?

# Fire Point :-  The lowest temperature at which the vapor of that fuel will continue to burn for at least 5 seconds after ignition by an open flame. #Smoke Point:-   The temperature at which, under specific and defined conditions, an oil begins to produce a continuous bluish smoke that becomes clearly visible. #Freezing Point:-  The temperature at which water changes phase from a liquid to a solid. # Dew Point:-   T he temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor. # Flash Point:-  T he lowest temperature at which enough fluid can  evaporate to form a combustible concentration of gas. #Pour Point:- The lowest temperature at which the oil will pour or flow when it is cooled without stirring. #Boiling Point:-   The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere on the liquid. #Bubble Point:-   The temperature wh...
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Industrial Catalyst And Classification.

Principle Of Industrial Catalyst And Classification Of Catalyst.   Principle Of Industrial Catalyst : An industrial catalyst is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without undergoing any significant change in its own chemical composition. Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the reaction rate. They provide an alternative pathway for the reaction to take place, which requires less energy and allows the reaction to proceed at milder conditions such as lower temperatures and pressures. Industrial catalysts are used in a wide range of chemical processes, including petrochemicals, refining, polymerization, and environmental applications. Classification Of Industrial Catalyst : Industrial catalysts can be classified into four main groups: 01. Homogeneous catalysts. Homogeneous catalysts are soluble in the reaction medium and are used mainly in the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. 02. Heteroge...
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Difference between LNG, LPG and NGL

✅ LNG — Liquefied Natural Gas, is gas that has been Liquified at very low temp. and is transported as a liquid. It’s Primarily methane ,NG is a mixture of HC which, when liquefied, form a clear colorless,odorless liquid; it’s usually transported and stored at a temp. very close to its boiling point at atmospheric pressure (~ -160), The actual composition of LNG will vary depending on its source and on the liquefaction process, but in all cases the major is methane with small percentages of the heavier HC such as ethane, propane, butane and pentane ,N2 may be present.  ✅ LPG — Liquefied Petroleum Gas gas that is liquid near room temperature and at some extent of pressure. This product has very little methane and butane and is primarily propane (C3),LPG is more dense (has a higher specific gravity) than natural gas ,Their common characteristic is that they can be compressed into liquid at relatively low pressures ,The two most common LPG constitutes are Propane and Butan...
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